In 1897, Emile van Ermengem identified the bacterium Clostridium botulinum to be the producer of botulinum toxin. In 1928 Snipe and Hermann Sommer for the first time purified the toxin. In 1949, Burgen’s group discovered that botulinum toxin blocks neuromuscular transmission. In the late 1960s Allan Scott and Edward Schantz were the first to work [...]